Data Engineering
Organizations today have an abundance of data, coming from different sources and stored in different ways. It would be convenient to have one access point for all of these, right?
Data engineering is building systems to allow for the collection and use of data. This data is usually subject to repeated analysis.
To access structured data, it is possible to choose a Data Warehouse. Typically, copies of the data from the operational source systems are then made overnight and then stored in a particular location where that data is then transformed into the necessary format. That way the production systems in the organization are minimized.
If there is a need to unlock semi- or unstructured data in a cost-effective manner, we opt for a Datalake that meets this objective.
We combine the advantages of a Data Warehouse (analytical infrastructure) and a Datalake (unstructured data & cost-efficient) in a Lakehouse. This implies a different way of working that tracks data in files rather than storing it in tables. Lakehouses offer flexibility in many areas including: data formats, data types, programming capabilities and scalability.
Why is Data Engineering useful?
Any organisation has multiple data sources, systems and applications available. In order to make well informed decisions, information from all these different sources is often required. With the setup of ETL jobs (Extract, Transform, Load), one is able to take the load of production systems and make data and information more easily available to different consumers. By having queryable datasets in place, data can flow through organisations and applications more easily. This allows organisations to do more with their data on a timely basis. Data Engineering sets the basis for any future data initiatives.
Key data engineering tasks
Data ingestion is the process of obtaining and importing data for immediate use or storage in a database. Data can be ingested in batch, near real-time or realtime. The underlying data architecture should facilitate this streaming, CDC, Event-driven or Batch setup.
Data cleansing is the process of detecting and correcting (or deleting) corrupt or inaccurate records from a record set, table or database and involves identifying incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate or irrelevant portions of the data and then replacing, modifying or deleting the dirty or inaccurate data. It usually follows these steps: identify, standardize, validate, correct and monitor.
Data transformation is the process of converting data from one format or structure into another format or structure. It is usually defined in these types: constructive, destructive, aesthetic and structural.
Extract, transform, load is the general procedure of copying data from one or more sources into a destination system which represents the data differently from the source(s) or in a different context than the source(s). ETL transforms your data before loading, while ELT transforms data only after loading to your warehouse.
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